Fast food versus Slow Food, but let's not blame everything on Mc. Donald!

This is the English version of the article published on May 25th 2014 by Alessandria News

This post comes from the exchanges I had with one of the newspaper’s readers. He said he could not show respect for a country that erected Mc. Donald as a symbol. Aside from the fact that the statement offends me for the amount of ignorance toward my hosts, it’s sure there is an extent preconception about the American way of eating, so I hope with this post I can give you an idea of ​​how the food market and the American approach to food and nutrition is slowly changing and why.

We Italians stand as champions of healthy eating and good food. We are known to the entire world for our outstanding cuisine. Sure it’s not always been like this, and the variety of foods on our tables is a fairly recent happening.

If you are my faithful reader since the beginning of my adventure as a writer, you'll know already that in addition to teaching Italian language, I also teach a course on Italian culture through the social approach to food in Italian history. That's why I am lucky I have studied and been a witness to the differences between the two nations at the table.

It’s common knowledge that in Italy food is good and Italians eat well nowadays. Everyone knows it: the Italians in Italy, the Italians living abroad like me, and all those who are lucky enough to have tried our real cuisine. This is recent history, only our grandparents up to the economic boom in the ‘50s, ate a lot less than the minimum requested caloric intake and they were almost vegetarians and not by their own choice. We Italians almost forgot this recent history; we could buy good food and abundance made us spoiled, with only old people remembering those not so good times. Unfortunately, the most recent economic crisis made this all too actual: with more families trying to save money where they can. Worrisome is when people begin to skimp on food and the quality and variety of it…and it looks like  it’s now happening for many.

Here's an example of what I am trying to explain and it’s not too far back in history. I'm sure not many of you (if any) know the name: Fernanda Momigliano. Fernanda was a writer of romance novels during the fascism. She was both Jew and fascist, as many Jews were, before the racist degeneration of fascism. Fernanda wrote a book titled: "How to live well in difficult times." This manual was written at the time when Europe was also suffering as a result of the Great Depression and Italy was living the craziness of Mussolini wanting a totally self-sufficient country, not depending on food supplies from neighboring –enemy countries.  With this book Fernanda wanted to give women the tools to save the appearances at home even if money was scarce, for example, by choosing less expensive cuts of meat, but especially suggesting to begin each meal with what she called “ the secret weapon” : the minestrone, the vegetable soup, inexpensive because based on water, but fulfilling the stomach  so that a person would eat less of the food that came(or not) after, but always in a “classy” way and without complaining, because part of being a fascist was to be convinced that everything was ok and done for the country ! Now fortunately Italians have voices and are able to complain, but this does not change the fact that probably soup is returning on many people’s tables. Italians are going back on being mostly vegetarians, with pasta and vegetables as main calories‘providers, since they are a less expensive alternative than meat, and they are in our DNA and in our history.

 Grains and vegetables are pretty much the basic of the Mediterranean diet, considered an example of healthy eating! We owe the name to an American doctor that called it this way in the 1950s, after discovering that the populations of the Mediterranean basin had a very low rate of heart diseases compared to Americans. But when studying the way the Ancient Romans ate, it’s already easy to see on their tables, foods that were very similar to what we find on Italian tables today, because it was what was available to them, not because they had any knowledge of healthy eating and cholesterol!

Anyway, whatever they put on their table, Italians certainly give a lot of value to the social meaning of sharing a meal together. Food means sharing experiences and stories, it means conviviality and social life, and it’s not only physical but also mental nourishment: for Italians, the food is slow, it is slow food.

For all those reasons it makes totally sense that the global movement Slow Food was born in Italy: Italians, as with the Mediterranean diet, always ate in the slow food way, even without knowing it. The Slow Food message is: good, clean and fair food, with a particular attention to local producers and ingredients. This also means food eaten in season and certainly with a very short trip from the producer to the final user’s table. Whoever got the chance to be in Italy and go grocery shopping even in national chains ‘markets knows that Italians buy seasonal and regional, if one talks to an Italian understands immediately how it’s against our way of life buying strawberries in January  ( .. who knows where they come from?) or oranges in May, to list just two examples. And Italians eat regional as well, so food is always a new experience wherever one is living, travelling, and staying. Carlo Pedrini, the founder of Slow Food, took a concept that is already in our DNA and made it a global message

And what can be said about fast food in Italy? Well, think that in my hometown, one of the Mc. Donald joints closed down because it went bankrupt and it was even the one inside the train station, so the traffic could have been good. Apparently not enough Italians were desperate enough to eat at Mc. Donald!

 Italians do not like fast food: for us fast food is a slice of pizza, or a Caprese salad. Our Fast Food chain is called Sfizio, and it looks more like a restaurant than a fast food, as drive-troughs do not exist in italy!  We really have to be desperate to eat at Mc Donald’s. In fact, Italy is one of the countries in the world with the lowest number of fast food chains. The big chains don’t even try to open their outlets in Italy. We don’t have KFC or Pizza Hut or Wendy.

If thinking of Italian food calls for Pasta and Pizza, American food is synonymous of meat. Anyone who visits the United States cannot help but eating a big steak or a burger. And in reality what is a typical fast food meal if not a low quality, fast version of the love that Americans have for meat?

Fast food joints  are literally around every corner.

Fast food is necessity combined with low cost and (I have to admit it) low quality.

Something is slowly changing here as well, also with the help of the institutions, and with the first lady Michelle Obama, sending an extremely strong message with example to communities.

In preparing my course I read a very interesting book , titled " Fast Food Nation " by journalist Eric Schlosster http://www.pbs.org/pov/foodinc/fastfoodnation_01.php , which was made also into a movie and gave the start to an entire series of books and movies about fast food and American food industry . I have watched and read several of those and they are all shocking, from “Supersize Me”, the diary of the physical and health changes of an athletic young man eating only at Mc. Donald: breakfast, lunch and dinner for a month to "Food Inc." a film about food production in the United States .

In my opinion two are the main problems that have led to a drastic lowering of the quality of the food served in fast food restaurants, which had their beginning in the 1920s from a fairly good concept: cost and mass production. How is possible to eat at a fast food restaurant for $ 4 with burger, fries and a drink? Where did the hamburger meat come from, which kind of meat is that and what about the potatoes: which oil has been used to fry them? Ask yourself these questions and the answers cannot be good: to keep prices down imagine what you put in your mouth.

But if going to a fast food still costs less and is easier than going to the grocery store to buy fresh ingredients, it’s easy to see where the problem lies: the low income families feed themselves with fast food or what is called junk food, food with no nutritional value, only able of filling the belly and take away hunger, but responsible on the opposite to health problems and in the long run to higher costs for the community.

But ...

It is not true that the population has Mc. Donald as its symbol; there have been changes, partly as a result of documentaries like the ones I mentioned. Even the fast food chains are changing rapidly and there is more attention on the food served. For example, as a result of the movie "Supersize Me " (the title comes from the fact that for a few cents more, until a few years ago, one could receive an amount of fries enough for a family of 4 ) supersizing is not possible anymore . Nutrition information and calories for each serving have become mandatory at fast food restaurants. The quality of the meat probably did not improve as the price of the meals has not increased. Anyway there are many new chains that now offer more fresh and healthy alternatives, others that attract a different type of customers more careful about what they put in their mouth.

One may decide to go or not to a fast food place, but what about the food served at home or at school?

The basic problem is that eating healthy may cost more than going to fast food place and in the USA there is not the nutritional education that we have in Europe. We Italians are lucky because we come in contact with a healthy cooking since birth, but most of the Americans don’t.

When in a normal supermarket there are more canned foods or prepackaged meals ready to be popped in the microwave and ready to eat, than fresh foods, here is where the problem lies! Vegetables and fruits cost much more than a giant bag of chips and most of the time they travel long distance and they are picked not at the pick of the season, to the detriment of taste and organoleptic quality. Many American women do not cook: their mothers did maybe, but not anymore and they don’t teach their children.

And schools? When my eighteen year old daughter began elementary school, the food served in the cafeteria was only fried and served in chunks so the children could eat it with their hands. Many American children are not even exposed to different foods.  They do not eat vegetables because they know only 3 of them: carrots, broccoli and cauliflowers eaten raw or blanched and many children of course don’t like them (raw broccoli and cauliflower are just bad in my opinion!) The potatoes are fried or served in the form of little balls called tater tots, and the meat comes from an undisclosed part of the chicken , definitively not the breast, called chicken nuggets ( since I've watched one of the movies mentioned before I strongly discouraged my daughter to eat them ) . This is not just about cost, it is also about education !

Much is changing. Ms. Obama has done a lot in this regard. Her battle against obesity in children targeted schools since children spend a lot of time in school and from there education at large. Unfortunately, obesity usually goes hand in hand with the family’s income, as many times obesity is sign of a low income person.

Now schools serve fresher and not fried alternatives and soft drinks cannot be sold in schools. These are small, but significant steps.

There is also a lot of effort done by different associations. Through my course I was lucky to meet Greg Leon, chef associated with Slow Food Wisconsin who will open soon his own restaurant Amilinda, in Milwaukee. Part of his commitment is food education and he teaches low -income families that is possible to eat healthy and cheaply (for less than buying junk food) by cooking simple dishes, buying in season and knowing where to buy: little steps easy to take to change attitude toward food and health.

Even restaurants are changing, the portions are shrinking, and more importance is given to taste and not size. Not too fast! Do not think that all Americans magically are becoming perfect. The road is still long; unfortunately the message of Carlo Pedrini and Slow Food is still elitist.

The signals, however, are there and the fact that my course is so popular proves it. Within my abilities I try to do something myself, changing the mentality of the young people taking my course: 30 at a time!

Lastly I would like to explain the second part of my post’s title: “..but let’s not blame everything on   Mc Donald”

Mc. Donald is not the devil impersonator! There is an aspect of Mc. Donald that is not known by everybody.  Mc . Donald is behind the Ronald Mc. Donald house . http://www.rmhc.org/

There are many of them in the United States, usually near a major pediatric hospital. It is a charity organization that provides housing and long-term care to sick children and their families. These kids and their family live in real homes, making it easier, less stressful and more effective to take care of the sick children. These apartments are either free or cost as little as $ 25 per day if the family has the means to give the money. That's the reason for my title. Something to think about!

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Living music in USA

MILWAUKEE - I'm from Alessandria, Piedmont. With about 100 thousand inhabitants, it’s the provincial capital. I left at the end of the nineties, but if I'm not mistaken, things, at least with regard to culture and the possibilities to access it, have not improved at all. If anything, the opposite has happened. The residents of Alessandria have not had not a real theater for three years and, oh my, how we waited for that theater! I spent my youth waiting for its opening (it took years to build), then there was a short period of intoxication of culture because of it. Architecturally, the outside is really ugly, but  I've always liked the inside. Ferrero Hall, with its activities and screenings of niche movies, and the great room, both of them were extensively used (cinema, theater, opera, and concerts of both classical and contemporary music). We all went to the theater! Now it’s closed. Unfortunately, It could only be so as it was built with asbestos. Excuse my ignorance, but the theater opened at the end of the 70s: didn’t we know already that asbestos was carcinogenic? Of course we did: we knew that since 1962, but in Casale and other production towns, until the mid 80s, companies continued to manufacture products with asbestos fibers, probably sold at low prices, so as to win investors. If you are in Alessandria, you know this better than I do and this is not the purpose of my article.

As my fellow citizens I went to the theater to enjoy opera, theater and concerts from travelling artists, but I am aware that Alessandria also has a symphony orchestra, or at least it should. They have a website, but it has not been updated for the last 3 seasons. Where are they? How does a person in Alessandria go to listen to them? How is possible to listen to classical music in Alessandria? How does the community educate the new generations to appreciate Mozart, Beethoven, Bizet , etc. while letting them listen to Fabri Fibra, Ligabue and Cold Play? What music do the children have on their iPods? Not everyone has a passion so deep they want to pursue a career as a musician. Even so, Alessandria offers a very good conservatory of music, preparing very good musicians ( conservatories of music are normal schools where children can pursue their musical education while passing grades up to 12th grade), but what about the rest of the young generation?

Here is my experience on the other side of the world. I'll tell you how a fourth-grade girl approached music thanks to school and how she has not left it. In fourth grade in our school district, music becomes highly recommended. In fourth grade a student can choose to play a musical instrument and in fifth grade they can be part of the school choir. The instruments are those of a symphony orchestra. Some students choose wind instruments and percussion and go on to form the school band. Others prefer stringed instrument: violin, viola, cello and double bass, and go on to form the orchestra. And so it was for our daughter, who chose the viola (with great joy on our part at the thought of having avoided the off-key caterwauling of those who study the violin at the beginning. The viola’s tones are lower and less shrill). You do not even need to invest into a musical instrument! If you wish, you can rent it from the school for a while, otherwise you can do it through music stores that offer rentals for the school year.

Concerts in elementary school are a pain to listen to and it takes all the love of a parent to not leave by second note but in the end the goal was reached. In many children, this instills a love for music. We did not push our daughter with private lessons and other activities from the start and had it not been for a chance meeting when she was in sixth grade (after sixth grade, playing an instrument or being part of the choir becomes optional), our story may have ended here. This is what happened instead.

In sixth grade, while visiting her old teachers at the elementary school, the music teacher told our daughter that MYSO would need her because it was always short of violas and suggested she show up at the following Monday’s rehearsal. So, by chance, we made MYSO’s acquaintance and both her life and our’s has changed.

It's been seven years since that day and from a child, my daughter has grown up, but her music and her viola have always been her companions. Next year she will begin college and will not be doing anything that has to do with music, like the majority of her fellow orchestra members. Nonetheless, thanks to MYSO and her school orchestra, she and her fellow musicians have had experiences not many young people get to have.

MYSO takes the kids from a very basic level to high levels of musical skill. I have attached a video from two years ago when they played in Prague. Yes Prague in the Czech Republic. Yes in the Dvorak Hall of Rudolfinum, a concert auditorium filled with a fee, where complete strangers and connoisseurs of music all stood up to applaud them. We were very excited, as you can imagine. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VjNjmdGMKs

What young person can say they've played in Vienna, in the Musikverein , the golden one that hosts the famous New Year’s eve concert. Or in New York at Carnegie Hall with their school? MYSO makes these experiences possible for everyone, even those who would not otherwise be able to afford them. Many of the kids in the video were there thanks to sponsors because, in the United States, sponsorship of the arts and culture pays!

MYSO is not a circle of elites. Participation is, compared to other programs, not expensive, and if one cannot afford it, the various fundraisers cover the cost. Logically, to get to the higher levels of orchestra, one must also take private lessons and pass the auditions, but there is no better incentive than to be able to play their music as well as they do. Among the best things about MYSO is the collaboration with the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra or MSO. They sit with the students for side by side rehearsals, send their musicians for solos in concerts and entertain parents and children with rehearsals open to the public and Q&A sessions.

That's what makes me say "living music”. It’s the relationship between the city and its orchestras, a relationship of continuous interaction and exchange which keeps people going to concerts. On those evenings you go dressed as you can; there's the lady in furs, there’s the guy in jeans and there are many families with children! It costs little more than a night at the movies. Even at MYSO concerts, the audience is not only made up of parents. There are also music appreciators from the community.

Another large part of the MYSO experience from the lowest level up is the community concerts. This year, my daughter went with her orchestra to give a concert at the Indian Community School and left very excited. The school celebrated the orchestra by making them participants in a powwow. It is natural. When you volunteer yourself, you give but you also receive just as much, maybe even more.

I spoke with a dear friend of mine, a professor of music in Alessandria, who told me of the steps that are being taken at the school level to re-introduce music to the programs and the heads of the students! I'm happy and I hope that these efforts will be helped at the institutional level. Our kids playing in the same theaters as the biggest names in music, parents paying for a ticket to go see their children doesn’t surprise people here. It would be nice if the same happened in Italy. If the is already happening, sorry for not being updated.

A sorrowful note to end with: When MYSO played in Prague and Vienna (a few years earlier, they went on tour in China and Canada , and before that they came to Italy) they participated in an international competition for youth music groups. There were ensembles from all over the world. They came from countries such as New Zealand, Belgium, South Africa, Australia, Singapore, China, Hungary, Russia, Poland , Romania, the United States, Switzerland, etc. The kids came in contact with other young people from around the world in friendship and harmony, and experience they will never forget. Apart from that incredible experience, not just musical but human, we noticed one thing. There was no Italian orchestras. I’ll say no more.

(photo courtesy of MYSO)
translation from Italian courtesy of Francesca Pessarelli

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Why a blog in English

Hello!
I have been writing weekly articles for an online newspaper of my Italian's hometown since last October, then last February I decided to begin a blog in my native language: Italian. The blog is titled : Un'Alessandrina in America, since my hometown's name is Alessandria in the Italian region of Piemonte. The blog is a collection of all the articles I wrote for the newspaper, and , in addition, of posts about my life in the USA, as a mother, a teacher and most of all a curious human being!
Writing in Italian is easy for me, not so much in English, but since I am on summer vacation from teaching at the present, I am going to challenge myself and translate a few of my posts for my American friends and my students, who asked me to do so!
I hope you will enjoy them and sorry in advance for my mistakes: I know many times the temptation will be to write Italianish: English words with sentences built with Italian grammar's structure.

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Learning Italian in the USA

This article was written originally in Italian for the online newspaper ”Alessandria NEWS” with which I collaborate. Every week I talk about various aspects of life in the USA and I thought important to explore the reasons why American students keep choosing to study Italian in college. This is what I found out firsthand from my Marquette students.

Why Study Italian in the U.S.?

As many of you already know, I teach Italian language and culture at Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

I have always been curious to know the reasons why   my students want to learn Italian, a language with a very challenging grammar and one not spoken that much outside the Italian borders.

On the first day of classes in August, we introduce ourselves and one of the things I ask each of my students is to explain the reasons why they decided to study Italian in college.

Many of them don’t know anything about Italy though they may have an Italian last name. They have no knowledge of the language as it has not been spoken in their home since long, long ago and so they take my class. Yes, Italian surnames abound. And many of those whose names are not clearly recognizable as Italian choose to study it because they are of Italian descent and they want to reclaim the language of their ancestors. Hats off to them!

If being of Italian descent is a very valid reason to study Italian, who are the remaining students and why do they subject themselves to the mess of Italian grammar?

The second category of students is those who want to study a semester abroad and the “abroad” for them is Italy. Marquette is linked to two American universities in Rome (John Cabot and John Felice), an American university in Florence (Gonzaga University) and the Universita ` Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore in Milan. While attending two or four semesters of foreign language (depending on the fields of study) is a requirement for Marquette students, it is not mandatory to choose to study Italian at Marquette to spend a semester in Italy. If so, Italian would probably be one of the most studied foreign languages at MU, since one of the most sought-after destinations in which to study abroad is indeed Italy. I applaud whoever recognizes that speaking the language of the guest country is a form of respect that will allow him/her to integrate and fully enjoy all aspects of the host culture.

Other students decide to study Italian because they went to Italy for vacation and fell in love with the country. They want to learn the language because they want to go back.

One other is the category of those who are native Spanish speakers or who learned it in high school. They think that the two languages are the same and that they are going to get an easy A without putting too much effort into studying. Unfortunately for them (and they will soon discover it!) if they don’t study, “A” could become a mirage.

The last category is that of students who admit to being in need of language credits to graduate and have based their choice on ... they don’t really know! They are in the classroom because they need the credits and awakening their interest in the language is "my challenge”.

Everything I've written so far is about who takes my language courses, since my students of the culture course have different reasons.

Since the course is on the history of Italian culture through its cuisine, some students think they are taking a course where they eat every day ... the words “student” and “hungry" are inextricably linked. Students are always hungry! Much is due to the fact that they survive by eating cafeteria food which is "a la carte” and costs the same as going to a fancy restaurant. A student may choose what he wants, but the money will be deducted from a specific meal plan chosen by the student. Given the cost of universities in the USA, I thought that the money for food was unlimited. I may well be wrong, however - otherwise why do so many students have microwaves in their rooms and survive on Ramen Noodles (dehydrated Chinese style noodles), which cost very little money and only require one to add water, but which contain a high concentration of sodium and preservatives. Even my daughter’s friends, already in college, confirm this fact.

  My students of the culture course, once the disappointment that it is not a cooking class has worn off, begin to appreciate and understand the Italian culture. The greatest reward of my teaching is to receive their emails, after the course is completed, in which they thank me for teaching them the culture behind the food they eat and giving them the tools to understand so much during their travels in Italy. It could not be otherwise since food is a very important aspect of Italian culture.

The last category of Italian students I am considering in this article is the most motivated. They are those who decided to get a minor in Italian Studies. At this point many of you may ask yourselves what a Minor is. A Minor is a second discipline that you may choose in American universities, while the Major is the subject of the majority of your studies. A student graduating from undergrad studies (after 4 years of college) has many options: some students graduate with a single Major, but others may earn two or even three Majors and a Minor. This is an interesting article I found about universities in the USA: http://www2.units.it/intmob_eng/sundries/universita_USA_how_it_works.pdf

At Marquette we offer a Minor in Italian studies. Compared to a Major, a Minor requires fewer credits and since we are small in our department, offering a Minor is already a success.

Two of the students who are now studying to fulfill the Italian Minor’s requirements I interviewed specifically for this article: Anna , of Italian ancestry and Adam , who doesn’t have any ties to Italy except that he began studying Italian as a freshman to fulfill his language credits and got hooked on the language and culture. I have known them since they were freshmen and we still meet every week for an informal conversation group, so for me it was nice to get their answers (we spoke in Italian for this interview).

Of course my first question was aimed to know the reasons why they chose Italian when they arrived at Marquette and the answer for Anna was that her family is of Italian origins, and also because her Major is archeology and Italy is one of the places in the world where history and art are all around you. Adam chose to study Italian because one of his father’s best friends was Italian and he called him zio( uncle).

Neither of them knew the language.  Anna knew just a few words she had learned from her grandfather who spoke Italian, though her dad does not and her mom is Greek and speaks her native language. The language lessons when he was a freshman led Adam to choose to continue with second year Italian and then to decide to get a Minor in Italian studies.

They both studied in Italy last year. Adam spent six weeks last summer in Milan at the very intense Universita` Cattolica’s summer program. http://www.ucscinternational.it/study-abroad/study-abroad-in-cattolica I was happy to meet Adam in Milan last summer when I visited Universita` Cattolica and I met with the colleagues who teach Italian for foreigners and the people who are behind the successful relationship between MU and Cattolica. I found a happy Adam. He was totally at ease in this new environment, his Italian language abilities so improved in such a short time. The reasons for this are Adam’s incredible learning ability and the fact that the program in Milan, being Cattolica an Italian University with a program in English for foreign students, gathers students from all over the world. The students are living the city life, and the common language is not English but Italian. Of course he learned lots of new words and expressions that he took home to the U.S.

Anna chose Rome, John Cabot University.http://admissions.johncabot.edu/landing-page-study-abroad/?gclid=CLTpmNXuhb0CFecWMgodoXAA_w  Rome is the eternal city and a person who studies archeology, history and art couldn’t ask for a better location. For Anna the linguistic experience ended up not being as good. From her own words: “Rome is too full of tourists  and people who speak English" ,adding to this was that she already  took too many language courses with us and John Cabot University  could not offer her advanced courses in Italian. Anna spent a semester in Rome without studying Italian.

The conversation was also attended by Angela. Angela will go to Italy next semester. She is of Italian nationality, even though no one in her family speaks Italian and she is the first who is studying it. Angela is now attending my culture course.

I wanted to ask Angela and Anna, since she is also in the culture course, what they are finding interesting of the Italian culture we are considering in the course. Neither of them had any  idea how Food and historical events of a population are intermingled, how music and literature and art have taken food as a reference and how learning about eating habits makes  it easier  to understand many aspects of the Italian people .

Adam hasn’t attended my culture course yet, but he has already taken courses in Italian cinema and literature, and his participation in the discussion was very interesting.

Although I had already received enough information from Angela, Adam and Anna, I wanted to understand if and how the motivations to study Italian had changed among my language students after nearly two semesters of studying the language.

A part of our program entails language exchanges with native Italian speakers, thanks to Skype and our language program via @mu.  The exchanges are positive for both the Italian speakers learning English and the American students learning Italian. The two languages are spoken at different times during the exchange and they need to remain distinct and never mixed. When a problem presents itself during the exchange the solution must be found in the language that is used at the moment. In order to stimulate possible topics of conversation, part of the preparation we give to the students is cultural. We learn the vocabulary for topics like education, shopping, parties, sports, health, city life, etc.  .So when I asked my language students what they found different between Italy and the U.S., many of them remembered aspects of culture that looked strange to them: for example the fact that many shops close down for lunch, that hair salons are closed on Mondays, and that at night there are pharmacies on duty and people go there to buy medicines and not to the ER and that the universities are public as is the health system and they both cost much, much less than in the US.

It will be interesting to listen to them during the exchanges this year, even more because the exchanges will take place with, on the other side, the Association of Culture and Development in my hometown, Alessandria. This will be a way for me to stay connected to my city of origin, and I hope that my students will be able to understand that Italy is made of many different realities that are not Milan, Rome, Florence and Venice, but just as interesting.

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